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====== Request records under the New York Freedom of Information Law ======

**New York · How do I request public records?** · state model checked by Claude · quality 0.99

//Generated by [[https://github.com/alibama/lexflow|lexflow]] from the state statutes (open-us-law, government publisher text) and checked by Claude: every quoted phrase was matched word for word against the statute text, and the process passed the BPMN/DMN schemas, bpmnlint and a Petri-net soundness check. Information, not legal advice.//

**Governing law:** [[https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89|N.Y. PBO Law § 89]] — General provisions relating to access to records; certain cases

===== Process map =====

<bpmnio type="bpmn">
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<bpmn:definitions xmlns:bpmn="http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL" xmlns:bpmndi="http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/DI" xmlns:dc="http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DC" xmlns:di="http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DI" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:lex="https://lexipedia.xyz/ns/lex/1.0" xmlns:spiffworkflow="http://spiffworkflow.org/bpmn/schema/1.0/core" xmlns:camunda="http://camunda.org/schema/1.0/bpmn" id="defs_ny_records" name="Request records under the New York Freedom of Information Law" targetNamespace="https://lexipedia.xyz/ns/process/ny_records" exporter="lexflow" exporterVersion="0.3.0">
  <bpmn:message id="msg_submit_written_request_reasonably_describing_the_record" name="Submit written request reasonably describing the record"/>
  <bpmn:message id="msg_appeal_denial_in_writing_to_entity_head" name="Appeal denial in writing to entity head"/>
  <bpmn:message id="msg_immediately_forward_appeal_and_determination_to_committee" name="Immediately forward appeal and determination to Committee"/>
  <bpmn:message id="msg_pay_or_offer_to_pay_the_fee" name="Pay or offer to pay the fee"/>
  <bpmn:message id="msg_provide_copy_and_certify_it_if_asked" name="Provide copy and certify it if asked"/>
  <bpmn:message id="msg_seek_article_78_review_in_court" name="Seek Article 78 review in court"/>
  <bpmn:message id="msg_rule_on_attorney_s_fees_and_litigation_costs" name="Rule on attorney's fees and litigation costs"/>
  <bpmn:collaboration id="collab_ny_records" name="Request records under the New York Freedom of Information Law">
    <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">A person asks a New York agency in writing for a record</bpmn:documentation>
    <bpmn:extensionElements>
      <lex:model id="ny-records" jurisdiction="ny" jurisdictionName="New York" reviewStatus="draft" method="gold-manual">
        <lex:gap>Scope: only § 89 is modelled, to keep the benchmark text short (§ 89 alone is about 3,800 words). Section 87 is not included. It sets the fees: paper photocopies up to 9 x 14 inches cost at most 25 cents each (§ 87(1)(b)(iii)); other records are charged at the actual cost of reproduction under § 87(1)(c); no fee may be charged for preparing such a copy unless at least two hours of agency employee time is needed; and the requester must be told the estimated cost when more than two hours of employee time is needed or an outside professional service would be used. Section 87 also requires that a denial rest on a "particularized and specific justification" and lists the § 87(2) exemptions. In this model those appear only as cross-references, and the denial-contents rule is not modelled.</lex:gap>
        <lex:gap>Constructive denial: § 89(4)(a) says failure to conform to subdivision three "shall constitute a denial", and § 89(4)(b) says the same for a failure to decide an appeal on time. Both missed deadlines therefore route to the next remedy rather than to an end state: a missed five-business-day response, or a missed approximate date after an acknowledgement, leads to the administrative appeal, and a missed ten-business-day appeal decision leads (through the committee copy) to Article 78 review, which is the default path after the appeal whenever access was not provided.</lex:gap>
        <lex:gap>Acknowledged requests: the text sets no fixed number of days for granting or denying after an acknowledgement, only the 'approximate date' stated in it, which must be 'reasonable under the circumstances'. The timer on decide_later therefore has no fixed length (zero days after the stated date). Treating a missed approximate date as a denial is an inference from § 89(4)(a) ('Failure by an agency to conform to the provisions of subdivision three'), not an express rule. The twenty-business-day mark applies only after the agency decides to grant: if disclosure cannot happen within twenty business days of the acknowledgement, the agency must state in writing the reason and a date certain. That is modelled as a rule of later_response, not as a timer, and it does not apply to denials. The model does not represent a grant that misses the stated date certain.</lex:gap>
        <lex:gap>Not-held certification: § 89(3)(a) lists exactly three five-business-day responses (make available, deny in writing, or acknowledge). The duty to certify that the agency does not have the record or cannot find it after diligent search appears later, as the alternative to providing a copy 'Upon payment of, or offer to pay, the fee'. Placing that certification among the responses in response_type and later_response (and the record_not_held outcome after respond or decide_later) is an inference; the text does not list it as a fourth five-day response.</lex:gap>
        <lex:gap>Partial grants: a request may be granted 'in whole or in part'. The model gives one outcome per response, so it does not show the appeal of the denied portion of a partial grant running alongside production of the granted portion.</lex:gap>
        <lex:gap>Request form and channels: entities with reasonable means must accept and answer requests by e-mail (3(b)); state agencies with websites must accept requests online (3(c)); the Committee on Open Government must publish a request form (1(b)(v)). An agency may require a written certification that lists of names and addresses will not be used for solicitation or fund-raising. These shape submit_request but are not separate steps.</lex:gap>
        <lex:gap>Grounds an agency may not use: an agency may not deny a request as voluminous or burdensome for lack of staff if it could hire an outside professional service (3(a)). It must retrieve electronic data with reasonable effort, and programming done to retrieve a record is not the creation of a new record. These limit the 'grant' input but are not modelled as rules.</lex:gap>
        <lex:gap>Fees: copies are provided 'upon payment of, or offer to pay, the fee prescribed therefor'. pay_fee therefore comes before provide_copy, but the amount is set by § 87, which is not in this model. Inspection without copies, which § 87(2) provides for, is not modelled separately.</lex:gap>
        <lex:gap>Committee copies: the agency must 'immediately' forward to the Committee on Open Government 'a copy of such appeal when received by the agency and the ensuing determination thereon'. The ten-business-day clock for the appeal decision runs from receipt of the appeal and does not depend on that forwarding, so decide_appeal follows the appeal directly. Both copies are drawn as one step (forward_to_committee) after the decision, which is also reached when the decision deadline is missed, since the appeal copy is owed either way. In the text the appeal copy is due on receipt, alongside the decision; it is drawn after the decision because a parallel forwarding branch could not rejoin the process once the deemed-denial timer leaves decide_appeal. The requester's next step (pay_fee if access was provided on appeal, otherwise seek_review) is drawn after the forwarding; the statute does not make the requester's rights wait on it.</lex:gap>
        <lex:gap>Trade secret and critical infrastructure information: § 89(4)(a) and (b) apply 'Except as provided in subdivision five'. Subdivision five has its own procedure for records excepted at the submitter's request (seven-business-day appeal, ten-business-day decision, fifteen-day limit for the submitter's Article 78 proceeding). That procedure is not modelled.</lex:gap>
        <lex:gap>Judicial review: the section does not state a time limit for starting the Article 78 proceeding; that limit comes from the CPLR, which is not in this text. The attorney's fee rule of § 89(4)(c) is modelled as attorney_fees: the court may award fees if the requester substantially prevails and the agency missed a statutory time limit, and must award them if the requester substantially prevails and the agency had no reasonable basis for denying access. The table gives no output where neither rule applies, because § 89 is silent there. The missed_statutory_time input corresponds to the deemed-denial timers on respond, decide_later and decide_appeal. An agency's appeal from a disclosure order gets preference and is deemed abandoned if the agency does not file its record and brief within sixty days (4(d)). The model ends at court_review.</lex:gap>
        <lex:gap>Privacy and redaction: an agency may delete identifying details to prevent an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy (2). Law enforcement disciplinary records must, or may, be redacted before disclosure (2-b, 2-c). Home addresses of employees and retirees need not be disclosed (7). These limit what is released but are not modelled as steps.</lex:gap>
        <lex:gap>The three ways a request is granted (in the first response, after an acknowledgement, or on appeal) rejoin at pay_fee as an exclusive merge (join 'any'), and the two ways of denying, written or by missed deadline, rejoin at appeal the same way. Willful concealment or destruction of a record to prevent inspection is a violation (8). That is an offence, not a step.</lex:gap>
        <lex:actor id="requester" name="Person requesting the record" kind="private-party"/>
        <lex:actor id="agency" name="Agency or entity subject to FOIL" kind="public-body"/>
        <lex:actor id="appeals_officer" name="Head, chief executive or governing body (or designee)" kind="official"/>
        <lex:actor id="committee" name="Committee on Open Government" kind="other-government"/>
        <lex:actor id="court" name="Court (Article 78 proceeding)" kind="court"/>
      </lex:model>
    </bpmn:extensionElements>
    <bpmn:participant id="p_agency" name="Agency or entity subject to FOIL" processRef="proc_ny_records">
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:actor ref="agency"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
    </bpmn:participant>
    <bpmn:participant id="p_requester" name="Person requesting the record">
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:actor ref="requester"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
    </bpmn:participant>
    <bpmn:participant id="p_court" name="Court (Article 78 proceeding)">
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:actor ref="court"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
    </bpmn:participant>
    <bpmn:messageFlow id="mf_submit_request" name="Submit written request reasonably describing the record" sourceRef="p_requester" targetRef="submit_request"/>
    <bpmn:messageFlow id="mf_appeal" name="Appeal denial in writing to entity head" sourceRef="p_requester" targetRef="appeal"/>
    <bpmn:messageFlow id="mf_pay_fee" name="Pay or offer to pay the fee" sourceRef="p_requester" targetRef="pay_fee"/>
    <bpmn:messageFlow id="mf_provide_copy" name="Provide copy and certify it if asked" sourceRef="provide_copy" targetRef="p_requester"/>
    <bpmn:messageFlow id="mf_seek_review" name="Seek Article 78 review in court" sourceRef="p_requester" targetRef="seek_review"/>
    <bpmn:messageFlow id="mf_rule_on_fees" name="Rule on attorney's fees and litigation costs" sourceRef="p_court" targetRef="rule_on_fees"/>
  </bpmn:collaboration>
  <bpmn:process id="proc_ny_records" name="Request records under the New York Freedom of Information Law" isExecutable="true">
    <bpmn:laneSet id="proc_ny_records_lanes">
      <bpmn:lane id="ln_agency" name="Agency or entity subject to FOIL">
        <bpmn:extensionElements>
          <lex:actor ref="agency"/>
        </bpmn:extensionElements>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>start</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>submit_request</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>respond</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>respond_deadline</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>decide_later</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>decide_later_deadline</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>forward_to_committee</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>pay_fee</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>provide_copy</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>seek_review</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>rule_on_fees</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>records_provided</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>record_not_held</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>court_review</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>pay_fee_join</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>record_not_held_join</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>respond_gw</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>decide_later_gw</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>forward_to_committee_gw</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>forward_to_committee_merge</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
      </bpmn:lane>
      <bpmn:lane id="ln_appeals_officer" name="Head, chief executive or governing body (or designee)">
        <bpmn:extensionElements>
          <lex:actor ref="appeals_officer"/>
        </bpmn:extensionElements>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>appeal_wait</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>appeal</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>appeal_timeout</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>appeal_lapsed</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>decide_appeal</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>decide_appeal_deadline</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
        <bpmn:flowNodeRef>appeal_join</bpmn:flowNodeRef>
      </bpmn:lane>
      <bpmn:lane id="ln_committee" name="Committee on Open Government">
        <bpmn:extensionElements>
          <lex:actor ref="committee"/>
        </bpmn:extensionElements>
      </bpmn:lane>
    </bpmn:laneSet>
    <bpmn:startEvent id="start" name="A person asks a New York agency in writing for a record">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89: “The provisions of this section apply to access to all records”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89" section="89" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>The provisions of this section apply to access to all records</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf7</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:startEvent>
    <bpmn:intermediateCatchEvent id="submit_request" name="Submit written request reasonably describing the record">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a): “the receipt of a written request for a record reasonably described”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a)" section="89" subsection="3.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>the receipt of a written request for a record reasonably described</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:norm modality="right" bearer="requester"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf7</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf8</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:messageEventDefinition id="submit_request_def" messageRef="msg_submit_written_request_reasonably_describing_the_record"/>
    </bpmn:intermediateCatchEvent>
    <bpmn:businessRuleTask id="respond" name="Grant, deny, or acknowledge request in writing" camunda:decisionRef="response_type">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a): “shall make such record available to the person requesting it, deny such request in writing or furnish a written acknowledgement of the receipt of such request”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a)" section="89" subsection="3.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>shall make such record available to the person requesting it, deny such request in writing or furnish a written acknowledgement of the receipt of such request</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:norm modality="obligation" bearer="agency"/>
        <spiffworkflow:calledDecisionId>response_type</spiffworkflow:calledDecisionId>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf8</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf9</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:businessRuleTask>
    <bpmn:boundaryEvent id="respond_deadline" name="5 business days" attachedToRef="respond" cancelActivity="true">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a): “within five business days of the receipt of a written request for a record reasonably described”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a)" section="89" subsection="3.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>within five business days of the receipt of a written request for a record reasonably described</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:deadline kind="duration" value="P5D" anchor="receipt of a written request for a record reasonably described" strict="true"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf27</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:timerEventDefinition id="respond_deadline_def">
        <bpmn:timeDuration xsi:type="bpmn:tFormalExpression">P5D</bpmn:timeDuration>
      </bpmn:timerEventDefinition>
    </bpmn:boundaryEvent>
    <bpmn:businessRuleTask id="decide_later" name="Grant or deny by the stated date" camunda:decisionRef="later_response">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a): “when such request will be granted or denied”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a)" section="89" subsection="3.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>when such request will be granted or denied</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:norm modality="obligation" bearer="agency"/>
        <spiffworkflow:calledDecisionId>later_response</spiffworkflow:calledDecisionId>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf10</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf14</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:businessRuleTask>
    <bpmn:boundaryEvent id="decide_later_deadline" name="0 days" attachedToRef="decide_later" cancelActivity="true">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a): “a statement of the approximate date, which shall be reasonable under the circumstances of the request, when such request will be granted or denied”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a)" section="89" subsection="3.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>a statement of the approximate date, which shall be reasonable under the circumstances of the request, when such request will be granted or denied</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:deadline kind="duration" value="P0D" anchor="the approximate date stated in the acknowledgement, which must be reasonable under the circumstances" strict="true"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf28</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:timerEventDefinition id="decide_later_deadline_def">
        <bpmn:timeDuration xsi:type="bpmn:tFormalExpression">P0D</bpmn:timeDuration>
      </bpmn:timerEventDefinition>
    </bpmn:boundaryEvent>
    <bpmn:eventBasedGateway id="appeal_wait" name="Appeal denial in writing to entity head in time?" instantiate="false" eventGatewayType="Exclusive" gatewayDirection="Diverging">
      <bpmn:incoming>sf4</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf1</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf2</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:eventBasedGateway>
    <bpmn:intermediateCatchEvent id="appeal" name="Appeal denial in writing to entity head">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(a): “any person denied access to a record may within thirty days appeal in writing such denial to the head, chief executive or governing body of the entity”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(a)" section="89" subsection="4.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>any person denied access to a record may within thirty days appeal in writing such denial to the head, chief executive or governing body of the entity</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:norm modality="right" bearer="requester"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf1</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf18</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:messageEventDefinition id="appeal_def" messageRef="msg_appeal_denial_in_writing_to_entity_head"/>
    </bpmn:intermediateCatchEvent>
    <bpmn:intermediateCatchEvent id="appeal_timeout" name="30 days pass">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(a): “may within thirty days appeal in writing such denial”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(a)" section="89" subsection="4.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>may within thirty days appeal in writing such denial</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:deadline kind="duration" value="P30D" anchor="the denial of access (written, or by failure to respond in time)" strict="true"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf2</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf3</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:timerEventDefinition id="appeal_timeout_def">
        <bpmn:timeDuration xsi:type="bpmn:tFormalExpression">P30D</bpmn:timeDuration>
      </bpmn:timerEventDefinition>
    </bpmn:intermediateCatchEvent>
    <bpmn:endEvent id="appeal_lapsed" name="Time to act lapsed">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(a) [implied]: “may within thirty days appeal in writing such denial”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(a)" section="89" subsection="4.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="implied" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>may within thirty days appeal in writing such denial</lex:quote>
            <lex:note>Consequence of missing the deadline inferred</lex:note>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf3</bpmn:incoming>
    </bpmn:endEvent>
    <bpmn:businessRuleTask id="decide_appeal" name="Explain further denial or provide access" camunda:decisionRef="appeal_result">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(a): “fully explain in writing to the person requesting the record the reasons for further denial, or provide access to the record sought”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(a)" section="89" subsection="4.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>fully explain in writing to the person requesting the record the reasons for further denial, or provide access to the record sought</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:norm modality="obligation" bearer="appeals_officer"/>
        <spiffworkflow:calledDecisionId>appeal_result</spiffworkflow:calledDecisionId>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf18</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf19</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:businessRuleTask>
    <bpmn:boundaryEvent id="decide_appeal_deadline" name="10 business days" attachedToRef="decide_appeal" cancelActivity="true">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(a): “within ten business days of the receipt of such appeal”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(a)" section="89" subsection="4.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>within ten business days of the receipt of such appeal</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:deadline kind="duration" value="P10D" anchor="receipt of the appeal" strict="true"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf29</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:timerEventDefinition id="decide_appeal_deadline_def">
        <bpmn:timeDuration xsi:type="bpmn:tFormalExpression">P10D</bpmn:timeDuration>
      </bpmn:timerEventDefinition>
    </bpmn:boundaryEvent>
    <bpmn:sendTask id="forward_to_committee" name="Immediately forward appeal and determination to Committee" messageRef="msg_immediately_forward_appeal_and_determination_to_committee">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(a): “In addition, each agency shall immediately forward to the committee on open government a copy of such appeal when received by the agency and the ensuing determination thereon”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(a)" section="89" subsection="4.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>In addition, each agency shall immediately forward to the committee on open government a copy of such appeal when received by the agency and the ensuing determination thereon</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:norm modality="obligation" bearer="agency"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf30</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf20</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:sendTask>
    <bpmn:intermediateCatchEvent id="pay_fee" name="Pay or offer to pay the fee">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a): “Upon payment of, or offer to pay, the fee prescribed therefor”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a)" section="89" subsection="3.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>Upon payment of, or offer to pay, the fee prescribed therefor</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf5</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf23</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:messageEventDefinition id="pay_fee_def" messageRef="msg_pay_or_offer_to_pay_the_fee"/>
    </bpmn:intermediateCatchEvent>
    <bpmn:sendTask id="provide_copy" name="Provide copy and certify it if asked" messageRef="msg_provide_copy_and_certify_it_if_asked">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a): “the entity shall provide a copy of such record and certify to the correctness of such copy if so requested”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a)" section="89" subsection="3.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>the entity shall provide a copy of such record and certify to the correctness of such copy if so requested</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:norm modality="obligation" bearer="agency"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf23</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf25</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:sendTask>
    <bpmn:intermediateCatchEvent id="seek_review" name="Seek Article 78 review in court">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(b): “may bring a proceeding for review of such denial pursuant to article seventy-eight of the civil practice law and rules”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(b)" section="89" subsection="4.b" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>may bring a proceeding for review of such denial pursuant to article seventy-eight of the civil practice law and rules</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:norm modality="right" bearer="requester"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf22</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf24</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:messageEventDefinition id="seek_review_def" messageRef="msg_seek_article_78_review_in_court"/>
    </bpmn:intermediateCatchEvent>
    <bpmn:intermediateCatchEvent id="rule_on_fees" name="Rule on attorney's fees and litigation costs">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(c): “The court in such a proceeding: (i) may assess, against such agency involved, reasonable attorney's fees and other litigation costs”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(c)" section="89" subsection="4.c" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>The court in such a proceeding: (i) may assess, against such agency involved, reasonable attorney's fees and other litigation costs</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
        <lex:norm modality="permission" bearer="court"/>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf24</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf26</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:messageEventDefinition id="rule_on_fees_def" messageRef="msg_rule_on_attorney_s_fees_and_litigation_costs"/>
    </bpmn:intermediateCatchEvent>
    <bpmn:endEvent id="records_provided" name="Copy of the record provided to the requester">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a): “certify to the correctness of such copy if so requested”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a)" section="89" subsection="3.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>certify to the correctness of such copy if so requested</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf25</bpmn:incoming>
    </bpmn:endEvent>
    <bpmn:endEvent id="record_not_held" name="Agency certifies the record is not held or cannot be found">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a): “certify that it does not have possession of such record”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(3)(a)" section="89" subsection="3.a" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>certify that it does not have possession of such record</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf6</bpmn:incoming>
    </bpmn:endEvent>
    <bpmn:endEvent id="court_review" name="Court reviews the denial; agency bears the burden for § 87(2">
      <bpmn:documentation textFormat="text/plain">N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(b): “the agency involved shall have the burden of proving that such record falls within the provisions of such subdivision two”</bpmn:documentation>
      <bpmn:extensionElements>
        <lex:grounding>
          <lex:source citation="N.Y. PBO Law § 89(4)(b)" section="89" subsection="4.b" code="N.Y. PBO Law" jurisdiction="ny" grounding="explicit" url="https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PBO/89">
            <lex:quote>the agency involved shall have the burden of proving that such record falls within the provisions of such subdivision two</lex:quote>
          </lex:source>
        </lex:grounding>
      </bpmn:extensionElements>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf26</bpmn:incoming>
    </bpmn:endEvent>
    <bpmn:exclusiveGateway id="appeal_join" gatewayDirection="Converging">
      <bpmn:incoming>sf11</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf15</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf27</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf28</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf4</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:exclusiveGateway>
    <bpmn:exclusiveGateway id="pay_fee_join" gatewayDirection="Converging">
      <bpmn:incoming>sf12</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf16</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf21</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf5</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:exclusiveGateway>
    <bpmn:exclusiveGateway id="record_not_held_join" gatewayDirection="Converging">
      <bpmn:incoming>sf13</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf17</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf6</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:exclusiveGateway>
    <bpmn:exclusiveGateway id="respond_gw" name="Which path?" gatewayDirection="Diverging">
      <bpmn:incoming>sf9</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf10</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf11</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf12</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf13</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:exclusiveGateway>
    <bpmn:exclusiveGateway id="decide_later_gw" name="Which path?" gatewayDirection="Diverging">
      <bpmn:incoming>sf14</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf15</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf16</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf17</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:exclusiveGateway>
    <bpmn:exclusiveGateway id="forward_to_committee_gw" name="Which path?" default="sf22" gatewayDirection="Diverging">
      <bpmn:incoming>sf20</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf21</bpmn:outgoing>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf22</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:exclusiveGateway>
    <bpmn:exclusiveGateway id="forward_to_committee_merge" gatewayDirection="Converging">
      <bpmn:incoming>sf19</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:incoming>sf29</bpmn:incoming>
      <bpmn:outgoing>sf30</bpmn:outgoing>
    </bpmn:exclusiveGateway>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf1" sourceRef="appeal_wait" targetRef="appeal"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf2" sourceRef="appeal_wait" targetRef="appeal_timeout"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf3" sourceRef="appeal_timeout" targetRef="appeal_lapsed"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf4" sourceRef="appeal_join" targetRef="appeal_wait"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf5" sourceRef="pay_fee_join" targetRef="pay_fee"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf6" sourceRef="record_not_held_join" targetRef="record_not_held"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf7" sourceRef="start" targetRef="submit_request"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf8" sourceRef="submit_request" targetRef="respond"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf9" sourceRef="respond" targetRef="respond_gw"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf10" name="acknowledged" sourceRef="respond_gw" targetRef="decide_later">
      <bpmn:conditionExpression xsi:type="bpmn:tFormalExpression">acknowledged</bpmn:conditionExpression>
    </bpmn:sequenceFlow>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf11" name="request denied" sourceRef="respond_gw" targetRef="appeal_join">
      <bpmn:conditionExpression xsi:type="bpmn:tFormalExpression">request_denied</bpmn:conditionExpression>
    </bpmn:sequenceFlow>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf12" name="records granted" sourceRef="respond_gw" targetRef="pay_fee_join">
      <bpmn:conditionExpression xsi:type="bpmn:tFormalExpression">records_granted</bpmn:conditionExpression>
    </bpmn:sequenceFlow>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf13" name="not held" sourceRef="respond_gw" targetRef="record_not_held_join">
      <bpmn:conditionExpression xsi:type="bpmn:tFormalExpression">not_held</bpmn:conditionExpression>
    </bpmn:sequenceFlow>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf14" sourceRef="decide_later" targetRef="decide_later_gw"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf15" name="request denied" sourceRef="decide_later_gw" targetRef="appeal_join">
      <bpmn:conditionExpression xsi:type="bpmn:tFormalExpression">request_denied</bpmn:conditionExpression>
    </bpmn:sequenceFlow>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf16" name="records granted" sourceRef="decide_later_gw" targetRef="pay_fee_join">
      <bpmn:conditionExpression xsi:type="bpmn:tFormalExpression">records_granted</bpmn:conditionExpression>
    </bpmn:sequenceFlow>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf17" name="not held" sourceRef="decide_later_gw" targetRef="record_not_held_join">
      <bpmn:conditionExpression xsi:type="bpmn:tFormalExpression">not_held</bpmn:conditionExpression>
    </bpmn:sequenceFlow>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf18" sourceRef="appeal" targetRef="decide_appeal"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf19" sourceRef="decide_appeal" targetRef="forward_to_committee_merge"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf20" sourceRef="forward_to_committee" targetRef="forward_to_committee_gw"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf21" name="records granted" sourceRef="forward_to_committee_gw" targetRef="pay_fee_join">
      <bpmn:conditionExpression xsi:type="bpmn:tFormalExpression">records_granted</bpmn:conditionExpression>
    </bpmn:sequenceFlow>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf22" name="otherwise" sourceRef="forward_to_committee_gw" targetRef="seek_review"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf23" sourceRef="pay_fee" targetRef="provide_copy"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf24" sourceRef="seek_review" targetRef="rule_on_fees"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf25" sourceRef="provide_copy" targetRef="records_provided"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf26" sourceRef="rule_on_fees" targetRef="court_review"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf27" sourceRef="respond_deadline" targetRef="appeal_join"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf28" sourceRef="decide_later_deadline" targetRef="appeal_join"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf29" sourceRef="decide_appeal_deadline" targetRef="forward_to_committee_merge"/>
    <bpmn:sequenceFlow id="sf30" sourceRef="forward_to_committee_merge" targetRef="forward_to_committee"/>
  </bpmn:process>
<bpmndi:BPMNDiagram id="BPMNDiagram_collab_ny_records">
    <bpmndi:BPMNPlane id="BPMNPlane_collab_ny_records" bpmnElement="collab_ny_records">
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_p_agency" bpmnElement="p_agency" isHorizontal="true">
        <dc:Bounds x="80" y="360" width="2740" height="946"/>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_p_requester" bpmnElement="p_requester" isHorizontal="true">
        <dc:Bounds x="274" y="220" width="2420" height="60"/>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_p_court" bpmnElement="p_court" isHorizontal="true">
        <dc:Bounds x="2276" y="80" width="300" height="60"/>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNEdge id="BPMNEdge_mf_submit_request" bpmnElement="mf_submit_request">
        <di:waypoint x="304" y="280"/>
        <di:waypoint x="304" y="592"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="309" y="394" width="74" height="84"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNEdge>
      <bpmndi:BPMNEdge id="BPMNEdge_mf_appeal" bpmnElement="mf_appeal">
        <di:waypoint x="1440" y="280"/>
        <di:waypoint x="1440" y="992"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="1445" y="648" width="78" height="56"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNEdge>
      <bpmndi:BPMNEdge id="BPMNEdge_mf_pay_fee" bpmnElement="mf_pay_fee">
        <di:waypoint x="2388" y="280"/>
        <di:waypoint x="2388" y="732"/>
        <di:waypoint x="2426" y="732"/>
        <di:waypoint x="2426" y="752"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="2299" y="485" width="84" height="42"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNEdge>
      <bpmndi:BPMNEdge id="BPMNEdge_mf_provide_copy" bpmnElement="mf_provide_copy">
        <di:waypoint x="2594" y="730"/>
        <di:waypoint x="2594" y="710"/>
        <di:waypoint x="2664" y="710"/>
        <di:waypoint x="2664" y="280"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="2566" y="663" width="87" height="42"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNEdge>
      <bpmndi:BPMNEdge id="BPMNEdge_mf_seek_review" bpmnElement="mf_seek_review">
        <di:waypoint x="2283" y="280"/>
        <di:waypoint x="2283" y="592"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="2288" y="415" width="89" height="42"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNEdge>
      <bpmndi:BPMNEdge id="BPMNEdge_mf_rule_on_fees" bpmnElement="mf_rule_on_fees">
        <di:waypoint x="2426" y="140"/>
        <di:waypoint x="2426" y="592"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="2431" y="371" width="74" height="70"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNEdge>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_ln_agency" bpmnElement="ln_agency" isHorizontal="true">
        <dc:Bounds x="110" y="360" width="2710" height="530"/>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_ln_appeals_officer" bpmnElement="ln_appeals_officer" isHorizontal="true">
        <dc:Bounds x="110" y="890" width="2710" height="356"/>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_ln_committee" bpmnElement="ln_committee" isHorizontal="true">
        <dc:Bounds x="110" y="1246" width="2710" height="60"/>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_start" bpmnElement="start">
        <dc:Bounds x="150" y="592" width="36" height="36"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="127" y="633" width="82" height="70"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_submit_request" bpmnElement="submit_request">
        <dc:Bounds x="286" y="592" width="36" height="36"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="267" y="633" width="74" height="84"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_respond" bpmnElement="respond">
        <dc:Bounds x="422" y="570" width="100" height="80"/>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_decide_later" bpmnElement="decide_later">
        <dc:Bounds x="772" y="570" width="100" height="80"/>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_appeal_wait" bpmnElement="appeal_wait" isMarkerVisible="true">
        <dc:Bounds x="1272" y="985" width="50" height="50"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="1258" y="910" width="78" height="70"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_appeal" bpmnElement="appeal">
        <dc:Bounds x="1422" y="992" width="36" height="36"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="1401" y="1033" width="78" height="56"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_appeal_timeout" bpmnElement="appeal_timeout">
        <dc:Bounds x="1422" y="1130" width="36" height="36"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="1399" y="1171" width="82" height="14"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_appeal_lapsed" bpmnElement="appeal_lapsed">
        <dc:Bounds x="1590" y="1130" width="36" height="36"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="1568" y="1171" width="80" height="28"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_decide_appeal" bpmnElement="decide_appeal">
        <dc:Bounds x="1558" y="970" width="100" height="80"/>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_forward_to_committee" bpmnElement="forward_to_committee">
        <dc:Bounds x="1908" y="570" width="100" height="80"/>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_pay_fee" bpmnElement="pay_fee">
        <dc:Bounds x="2408" y="752" width="36" height="36"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="2384" y="793" width="84" height="42"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_provide_copy" bpmnElement="provide_copy">
        <dc:Bounds x="2544" y="730" width="100" height="80"/>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_seek_review" bpmnElement="seek_review">
        <dc:Bounds x="2265" y="592" width="36" height="36"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="2239" y="633" width="89" height="42"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_rule_on_fees" bpmnElement="rule_on_fees">
        <dc:Bounds x="2408" y="592" width="36" height="36"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="2409" y="633" width="74" height="70"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_records_provided" bpmnElement="records_provided">
        <dc:Bounds x="2744" y="752" width="36" height="36"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="2723" y="793" width="78" height="70"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_record_not_held" bpmnElement="record_not_held">
        <dc:Bounds x="1279" y="447" width="36" height="36"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="1253" y="488" width="89" height="84"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_court_review" bpmnElement="court_review">
        <dc:Bounds x="2576" y="592" width="36" height="36"/>
        <bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
          <dc:Bounds x="2552" y="503" width="85" height="84"/>
        </bpmndi:BPMNLabel>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_appeal_join" bpmnElement="appeal_join" isMarkerVisible="true">
        <dc:Bounds x="1122" y="985" width="50" height="50"/>
      </bpmndi:BPMNShape>
      <bpmndi:BPMNShape id="BPMNShape_pay_fee_join" bpmnElement="pay_fee_join" isMarkerVisible="true">
        <dc:Bounds x="2258" y="745" width="50" height="50"/>
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===== Steps and the words they come from =====

  - **Submit written request reasonably describing the record** — Person requesting the record · //right// (§ 89(3)(a)) \\ “//the receipt of a written request for a record reasonably described//”
  - **Grant, deny, or acknowledge request in writing** — Agency or entity subject to FOIL · within 5 business days · //obligation// (§ 89(3)(a)) \\ “//shall make such record available to the person requesting it, deny such request in writing or furnish a written acknowledgement of the receipt of such request//”
  - **Grant or deny by the stated date** — Agency or entity subject to FOIL · within 0 days · //obligation// (§ 89(3)(a)) \\ “//when such request will be granted or denied//”
  - **Appeal denial in writing to entity head** — Person requesting the record · within 30 days · //right// (§ 89(4)(a)) \\ “//any person denied access to a record may within thirty days appeal in writing such denial to the head, chief executive or governing body of the entity//”
  - **Explain further denial or provide access** — Head, chief executive or governing body (or designee) · within 10 business days · //obligation// (§ 89(4)(a)) \\ “//fully explain in writing to the person requesting the record the reasons for further denial, or provide access to the record sought//”
  - **Immediately forward appeal and determination to Committee** — Agency or entity subject to FOIL · //obligation// (§ 89(4)(a)) \\ “//In addition, each agency shall immediately forward to the committee on open government a copy of such appeal when received by the agency and the ensuing determination thereon//”
  - **Pay or offer to pay the fee** — Person requesting the record (§ 89(3)(a)) \\ “//Upon payment of, or offer to pay, the fee prescribed therefor//”
  - **Provide copy and certify it if asked** — Agency or entity subject to FOIL · //obligation// (§ 89(3)(a)) \\ “//the entity shall provide a copy of such record and certify to the correctness of such copy if so requested//”
  - **Seek Article 78 review in court** — Person requesting the record · //right// (§ 89(4)(b)) \\ “//may bring a proceeding for review of such denial pursuant to article seventy-eight of the civil practice law and rules//”
  - **Rule on attorney's fees and litigation costs** — Court (Article 78 proceeding) · //permission// (§ 89(4)%%(c)%%) \\ “//The court in such a proceeding: (i) may assess, against such agency involved, reasonable attorney's fees and other litigation costs//”

===== Which response does the agency give within five business days? =====

Decision table (DMN), hit policy FIRST.

^ Request can be decided within five business days ^ Agency has the record and can find it ^ Agency grants access ^ → Response ^ → Access granted ^ → Request denied ^ → Receipt acknowledged with approximate date ^ → Record not held or not found ^ Source ^
| false | - | - | Written acknowledgement of receipt with a reasonable approximate date for grant or denial | false | false | true | false | § 89(3)(a) |
| true | false | - | Certify that the record is not held or cannot be found after diligent search | false | false | false | true | § 89(3)(a) |
| true | true | true | Make the record available | true | false | false | false | § 89(3)(a) |
| true | true | false | Deny the request in writing | false | true | false | false | § 89(3)(a) |

===== How does the agency answer an acknowledged request? =====

Decision table (DMN), hit policy FIRST.

^ Agency has the record and can find it ^ Agency grants access in whole or in part ^ Disclosure possible within twenty business days of the acknowledgement ^ → Response ^ → Access granted ^ → Request denied ^ → Record not held or not found ^ Source ^
| false | - | - | Certify that the record is not held or cannot be found after diligent search | false | false | true | § 89(3)(a) |
| true | false | - | Deny the request in writing | false | true | false | § 89(3)(a) |
| true | true | true | Grant and disclose within twenty business days of the acknowledgement | true | false | false | § 89(3)(a) |
| true | true | false | Grant; state in writing the reason for delay and a date certain for disclosure | true | false | false | § 89(3)(a) |

===== What does the appeals officer decide? =====

Decision table (DMN), hit policy UNIQUE.

^ Access provided on appeal ^ → Appeal determination ^ → Access granted ^ → Denial upheld ^ Source ^
| true | Provide access to the record sought | true | false | § 89(4)(a) |
| false | Explain in writing the reasons for further denial | false | true | § 89(4)(a) |

===== Does the court award the requester attorney's fees and litigation costs? =====

Decision table (DMN), hit policy FIRST.

^ Requester substantially prevailed ^ Agency failed to respond to the request or appeal within the statutory time ^ Court finds the agency had no reasonable basis for denying access ^ → Attorney's fees and litigation costs ^ Source ^
| true | - | true | Court shall assess reasonable attorney's fees and litigation costs against the agency | § 89(4)(c) |
| true | true | false | Court may assess reasonable attorney's fees and litigation costs against the agency | § 89(4)(c) |

===== What the text leaves open =====

  * Scope: only § 89 is modelled, to keep the benchmark text short (§ 89 alone is about 3,800 words). Section 87 is not included. It sets the fees: paper photocopies up to 9 x 14 inches cost at most 25 cents each (§ 87(1)(b)(iii)); other records are charged at the actual cost of reproduction under § 87(1)%%(c)%%; no fee may be charged for preparing such a copy unless at least two hours of agency employee time is needed; and the requester must be told the estimated cost when more than two hours of employee time is needed or an outside professional service would be used. Section 87 also requires that a denial rest on a "particularized and specific justification" and lists the § 87(2) exemptions. In this model those appear only as cross-references, and the denial-contents rule is not modelled.
  * Constructive denial: § 89(4)(a) says failure to conform to subdivision three "shall constitute a denial", and § 89(4)(b) says the same for a failure to decide an appeal on time. Both missed deadlines therefore route to the next remedy rather than to an end state: a missed five-business-day response, or a missed approximate date after an acknowledgement, leads to the administrative appeal, and a missed ten-business-day appeal decision leads (through the committee copy) to Article 78 review, which is the default path after the appeal whenever access was not provided.
  * Acknowledged requests: the text sets no fixed number of days for granting or denying after an acknowledgement, only the 'approximate date' stated in it, which must be 'reasonable under the circumstances'. The timer on decide_later therefore has no fixed length (zero days after the stated date). Treating a missed approximate date as a denial is an inference from § 89(4)(a) ('Failure by an agency to conform to the provisions of subdivision three'), not an express rule. The twenty-business-day mark applies only after the agency decides to grant: if disclosure cannot happen within twenty business days of the acknowledgement, the agency must state in writing the reason and a date certain. That is modelled as a rule of later_response, not as a timer, and it does not apply to denials. The model does not represent a grant that misses the stated date certain.
  * Not-held certification: § 89(3)(a) lists exactly three five-business-day responses (make available, deny in writing, or acknowledge). The duty to certify that the agency does not have the record or cannot find it after diligent search appears later, as the alternative to providing a copy 'Upon payment of, or offer to pay, the fee'. Placing that certification among the responses in response_type and later_response (and the record_not_held outcome after respond or decide_later) is an inference; the text does not list it as a fourth five-day response.
  * Partial grants: a request may be granted 'in whole or in part'. The model gives one outcome per response, so it does not show the appeal of the denied portion of a partial grant running alongside production of the granted portion.
  * Request form and channels: entities with reasonable means must accept and answer requests by e-mail (3(b)); state agencies with websites must accept requests online (3%%(c)%%); the Committee on Open Government must publish a request form (1(b)(v)). An agency may require a written certification that lists of names and addresses will not be used for solicitation or fund-raising. These shape submit_request but are not separate steps.
  * Grounds an agency may not use: an agency may not deny a request as voluminous or burdensome for lack of staff if it could hire an outside professional service (3(a)). It must retrieve electronic data with reasonable effort, and programming done to retrieve a record is not the creation of a new record. These limit the 'grant' input but are not modelled as rules.
  * Fees: copies are provided 'upon payment of, or offer to pay, the fee prescribed therefor'. pay_fee therefore comes before provide_copy, but the amount is set by § 87, which is not in this model. Inspection without copies, which § 87(2) provides for, is not modelled separately.
  * Committee copies: the agency must 'immediately' forward to the Committee on Open Government 'a copy of such appeal when received by the agency and the ensuing determination thereon'. The ten-business-day clock for the appeal decision runs from receipt of the appeal and does not depend on that forwarding, so decide_appeal follows the appeal directly. Both copies are drawn as one step (forward_to_committee) after the decision, which is also reached when the decision deadline is missed, since the appeal copy is owed either way. In the text the appeal copy is due on receipt, alongside the decision; it is drawn after the decision because a parallel forwarding branch could not rejoin the process once the deemed-denial timer leaves decide_appeal. The requester's next step (pay_fee if access was provided on appeal, otherwise seek_review) is drawn after the forwarding; the statute does not make the requester's rights wait on it.
  * Trade secret and critical infrastructure information: § 89(4)(a) and (b) apply 'Except as provided in subdivision five'. Subdivision five has its own procedure for records excepted at the submitter's request (seven-business-day appeal, ten-business-day decision, fifteen-day limit for the submitter's Article 78 proceeding). That procedure is not modelled.
  * Judicial review: the section does not state a time limit for starting the Article 78 proceeding; that limit comes from the CPLR, which is not in this text. The attorney's fee rule of § 89(4)%%(c)%% is modelled as attorney_fees: the court may award fees if the requester substantially prevails and the agency missed a statutory time limit, and must award them if the requester substantially prevails and the agency had no reasonable basis for denying access. The table gives no output where neither rule applies, because § 89 is silent there. The missed_statutory_time input corresponds to the deemed-denial timers on respond, decide_later and decide_appeal. An agency's appeal from a disclosure order gets preference and is deemed abandoned if the agency does not file its record and brief within sixty days (4(d)). The model ends at court_review.
  * Privacy and redaction: an agency may delete identifying details to prevent an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy (2). Law enforcement disciplinary records must, or may, be redacted before disclosure (2-b, 2-c). Home addresses of employees and retirees need not be disclosed (7). These limit what is released but are not modelled as steps.
  * The three ways a request is granted (in the first response, after an acknowledgement, or on appeal) rejoin at pay_fee as an exclusive merge (join 'any'), and the two ways of denying, written or by missed deadline, rejoin at appeal the same way. Willful concealment or destruction of a record to prevent inspection is a violation (8). That is an offence, not a step.

===== Checks =====

  * Quotes checked word for word: 31 (0 not exact)
  * BPMN / DMN schema errors: 0 / 0; bpmnlint errors: 0
  * Petri nets sound: 1 of 1
  * Sections used: N.Y. PBO Law § 89

← [[lexflow:ny|New York]] · [[lexflow:start|lexflow models]]